DBP Control In Drinking Water: Cost And Performance.
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is currently attempting to balance the complex tradeoff in chemical and microbial risk associated with controlling disinfection and disinfection by-products (D/DBP) in drinking water. In attempting to achieve this balance, the U.S. EPA will propose three rules: an information collection (ICR); an enhanced surface water treatment rule (ESWTR) and a two-stage D/DBP rule. Controlling D/DBP will have a major impact on drinking water utilities in the United States. There are several options for D/DBP control including moving the point of disinfection, removal of by-products once they are found, removing precursor material or natural organic matter before it interacts with the disinfectant or use of a disinfectant that minimizes the formation of by-products. The least expensive approach to D/DBP is to move the point of disinfection or the use of an alternative disinfectant. The least desirable approach is to remove disinfection by-products once they are formed. Overall, the most effective approach to D/DBP control is to remove precursor before it reacts with the disinfectant. The choice of any given strategy is very site specific.
Descriptors: | Air Stripping; Cost; Disinfection; Water treatment |
Date:
Reference #: | 1994
W.94.1 |
Availability: | Yes |
EPA Office: | Office of Research and Development |
Office Suboffice: | No suboffice specified |
Office Division: | No division specified |
EPA Author: | Clark, R.; Adams, J.; Lykins, B. |
Document Type: | Cost-Benefit Analysis |
Contractors: | NA |
Document Status: | Not Reported |
Pages: | 25 |